Malaria: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatments

Did you know that Malaria is still one of the most deadly diseases in the world? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there were an estimated 247 million cases of Malaria in 2021, with 619,000 deaths worldwide.

That's a staggering number, and it's even more concerning when you realize that many of these cases could have been prevented. But what exactly is Malaria, and how can you protect yourself from this dangerous disease?

Let's take a closer look at Malaria, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, and treatments, so you can be better informed about this serious health threat. So, let's get started by understanding all about Malaria.

What is Malaria?

When it comes to diseases, malaria is one of the most feared. It is an infectious disease caused by parasites that can be transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito.

Infected mosquitoes carry the Plasmodium parasite. Once these mosquitoes bite you, the parasite enters your bloodstream. Once they enter your body, the parasites make their way to the liver, where they mature.

It can cause fever, chills, and other symptoms; in some cases, it can even be fatal. Five species of Plasmodium can cause Malaria in humans, with Plasmodium falciparum being the most deadly.

That's why it is so essential for us to understand what malaria is and how we can prevent it.

Causes of Malaria

The causes of malaria include:

Mosquito bites: The primary cause of malaria is the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes that carry the Plasmodium parasite.

Poor sanitation: Poor sanitation and hygiene practices can lead to the breeding of mosquitoes in stagnant water, increasing the risk of malaria transmission.

Climate change: Climate change can also contribute to the spread of malaria by altering the geographic range of mosquitoes that transmit the disease.

Lack of effective treatment: In some areas, the lack of access to effective treatment for malaria can lead to increased cases of the disease.

Lack of preventive measures: Failure to take preventative measures, such as using mosquito nets, insect repellent, and spraying insecticides in living areas, can increase the risk of malaria transmission.

Symptoms of Malaria

The symptoms of malaria may vary depending on the type of Plasmodium parasite that causes the infection, as well as the severity of the disease. 

Here are some common symptoms of malaria:

• Fever
• Headaches
• Muscle pain
• Mild jaundice
• Fatigue
• Anemia
• Respiratory distress
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea & Vomiting
• Enlarged liver

It is essential to seek medical attention immediately if you experience any symptoms of malaria, especially if you have recently traveled to an area where the disease is common.

Malaria Diagnosis

Diagnosing malaria can be challenging, as the symptoms can be similar to other illnesses, such as the flu. Here are some diagnostic options for malaria:

Physical Examination:

Your doctor may go for a physical examination initially. When a doctor suspects malaria, they will inquire about the individual's symptoms and travel background and subsequently request blood tests to confirm the diagnosis.

Rapid diagnostic tests:

Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are available that can detect the presence of malaria antigens in the blood. RDTs are quick and easy to use and can provide results within 15 to 20 minutes.

Malaria Parasite Test (MP):

The Malaria Parasite Test (MP) is an effective diagnostic tool that can detect the presence of malaria infection in the blood. This test is susceptible and specific and can detect even low parasite levels. 

The malaria parasite test offered by Redcliffe Labs is reliable and affordable, and you can book from the comfort of your home and help prevent this disease. 

Treatment Options

The type of treatment prescribed will depend on the severity of the disease and the type of Plasmodium parasite causing the infection. 

Antimalarial drugs are the primary treatment for malaria. The other most common treatment is a combination of drugs known as an ACT (artemisinin-based combination therapy), which is effective in treating and curing malaria. In more severe cases, intravenous medications may be given, or a combination of medicines may be used.

It is also essential to take steps to prevent infection. Malaria can be effectively managed and even cured with early diagnosis and proper treatment.

How to Prevent Malaria?

Malaria is preventable, and taking preventive measures can significantly reduce the risk of infection. Here are some ways to prevent malaria:

• Use insect repellent outdoors, especially during dusk and dawn when mosquitoes are most active.

• Avoid standing water and areas where there may be a lot of mosquitoes.

• Sleeping under mosquito nets treated with insecticide is an effective way to prevent mosquito bites while sleeping.

• Take an early diagnostic test for timely treatment.

• Avoid going outdoors during peak mosquito hours, usually around dusk and dawn.

• Take antimalarial medication if traveling to an area where malaria is present. 

• Wear long sleeves, pants, and socks outside to protect your skin from mosquito bites.

• If traveling to an area with a high risk of malaria, talk to your doctor about the necessary precautions.

By following these simple steps, you can help protect yourself from the dangers of malaria.

Also, if you suspect you may have malaria, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately. Timely diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce the risk of complications and improve outcomes.

The Malaria Parasite Test by Redcliffe Labs is a go-to option for detecting the disease. It is a susceptible and essential diagnostic tool that can detect the presence of malaria infection in your blood.

By taking preventive measures and seeking prompt medical attention when needed, we can all help prevent the spread of malaria and protect ourselves from this disease.