Sodium Normal Range, Need, Procedure, & More

A sodium blood test measures sodium levels in the blood. If the body contains too much sodium, this condition is called hypernatremia. Conversely, too little sodium in the blood is called hyponatremia. 

Table salt, or sodium chloride, is the most common salt. Your body needs sodium to function properly. It is a substance found in foods. Sodium is also important for nerves and muscles. 

Role and function of Sodium in the body

Sodium is an essential nutrient that plays an integral role in the body, including: 

• It aids in maintaining the right balance of fluids in the body. 
• As mentioned above, sodium is found in foods, which means it can be obtained through diet. This increases blood volume. 
• Too much sodium makes it difficult for the kidneys to remove enough. 
• When sodium accumulates in your blood, it can cause high BP, heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. 
• Soap is potassium or sodium salt. 
• The more salt you eat, the more water you will retain and the more blood you will have in your system. 
• Having optimum levels of sodium helps with electrolyte levels in the body. 

Additionally, a healthcare professional may suggest a sodium test to measure sodium concentration in the blood. Let’s discover it in detail. 

Also read: https://redcliffelabs.com/myhealth/general-health/is-beer-good-for-kidney-stone-myths-vs-facts/

What is the need for a Sodium Test?

A sodium test, also known as a serum sodium test, is a diagnostic test that measures sodium levels in the blood. It is often part of an electrolyte or basic metabolic panel blood test. The normal range of sodium is between 135 and 145 mEq/L. 

Many things can affect the balance between the sodium and water in the food and beverages and the amount of your urine. Consequently, the need for a test arises if: 

• Have you had a serious illness or surgery 
• Receive intravenous (IV) fluids. 
• When a large or small amount of sodium is consumed
• Take diuretics or water pills and certain medications such as hydrocortisone

What are the common symptoms associated with the sodium test?

The sodium blood test aims to check the imbalance of sodium and fluids. A healthcare provider may suggest a test if he finds symptoms suggestive of the same, including-

• Muscle cramps or twitching
• Feeling unwell
• Nausea
• Forgetfulness
• Problems with walking
• Craving for a large amount of salt
• Headaches
• Tiredness
• Shortness of breath
• Issues with cognitive function

Other conditions when a doctor prompts for a sodium blood test include: 

• Uncontrolled diabetes
• Chronic kidney disease, including kidney failure 
• Lost large amounts of bodily fluids 

Also read: https://redcliffelabs.com/myhealth/health/what-are-the-symptoms-of-low-sodium/

When to see a doctor?

Consult your physician if you develop symptoms of hyponatremia, such as nausea, vomiting, or confusion. Your doctor may suggest seeking immediate medical care depending on the extent and time of these signs and symptoms. 

Difference between hyponatremia and hypernatremia 

Here is a table showing the difference between hyponatremia and hypernatremia: 

Hyponatremia	Hypernatremia
1. There is too little sodium in the blood.	1. There is too much sodium in the blood.
2. Symptoms of mild hyponatremia include nausea, headache, vomiting, muscle weakness, and restlessness, among others.	2. Symptoms of hypernatremia include excessive thirst, lethargy, and confusion (delirium).
3. If the level of sodium in your blood is extremely low, it can cause seizures, decreased consciousness, hallucinations, or severe confusion.	3. If the level of sodium in your blood is extremely high, it can cause muscle twitching or spasms (myoclonus), coma, and death.
4. The main causes of hypothermia are certain medications, liver, heart, and kidney problems, drinking too much water, and hormonal changes, among others	4. The main causes of hypernatremia are excessive sodium intake, uncontrolled diabetes, vomiting, extreme diarrhea, and fever, among others.
5. Hyponatremia can be treated by limiting water intake, stopping medicines, or resolving the underlying conditions.	5. Hypertranemia can be treated with oral hydration therapy. Increase your water intake or intravenous fluids containing low sodium, often requiring intensive care.

Prevention Tips for Hyponatremia

The following tips may help prevent hyponatremia, include: 

• Get associated conditions such as adrenal gland insufficiency to prevent low blood sodium. 
• To reduce the risk of hyponatremia, it is essential to be aware of the signs and symptoms of low blood sodium. 
• Athletes should not drink more fluid than the fluid lost due to sweating during a race. 
• If your doctor suggests, replace water with sports beverages that contain electrolytes.
• Water is essential, but drink it in moderation. 

What is the procedure for a sodium blood test? 

The procedure for a sodium blood test is easy. The blood expert draws blood by inserting a needle in your vein and sends your blood sample to the lab for analysis. However, you may feel prickly or stinging. Afterward, there may be pain or a bruise on the puncture site. These signs are temporary and go away quickly. 

What is the sodium normal range?

The normal range of sodium is 135 to 145 mEq/L. However, these values for blood sodium levels may vary depending on the laboratory, as some labs use different measurements. 

Consult with your medical professional to understand the meaning of your specific test results. 

What do abnormal sodium test results mean?

The abnormal blood sodium test results indicate higher-than-normal sodium levels (hypernatremia) and lower-than-normal sodium levels (hyponatremia). The abnormalities in sodium levels may be due to these factors, including: 

Higher-than-normal sodium levels (hypernatremia) can occur due to: 

• Cushing syndrome or hyperaldosteronism
• Diabetes insipidus (when kidneys are unable to conserve water)
• Massive fluid loss due to diarrhea, burns, or too much sweating
• The diet contains too much salt. 
• Certain medicines, such as corticosteroids, lithium, and laxatives. 

Lower-than-normal sodium levels (hyponatremia) can occur due to: 

• Addison disease (when adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones.)
• High blood sugar level or hyperglycemia
• Underactive thyroid gland
• Increased loss of fluids from the body. 
• Health conditions like kidney disease, live cirrhosis, or even heart failure cause an increase in total body water. 

How can you prepare for a sodium blood test?

You can prepare for a sodium blood test by consulting your healthcare provider. He may suggest fasting before the test and asking you to stop taking regular medicines for high blood pressure, over-the-counter antibiotics, and supplements to receive the most accurate reports. 

Do not make any decisions about your health if you are recommended a sodium blood test. Ask your healthcare provider for the best guidance. 

What additional tests may be needed along with a sodium test?

Additional tests you might have along with a sodium blood test include: 

• Urine concentration
• Urea and uric acid levels
• acid-base balance in your blood
• Blood concentration or serum concentration
• Sodium levels in your urine
• Other electrolyte levels in your blood

A note from Redcliffe Labs! 

Healthy India Ki Trusted Lab—Redcliffe Labs has established a comprehensive portfolio approach with blood tests, preventive health checks, and various other diagnostic services throughout India. They cater to all diagnostic needs and thus contribute to the health of countless patients. 

Book a Sodium Test from Redcliffe Labs at INR 149 Only! 

If suggested, download the Redcliffe Labs mobile app or call to book a sodium test from Redcliffe Labs for just Rs 149. The phlebotomist will come to your doorstep with a blood sample collection kit, ensuring a painless and safe blood draw. Get the most accurate reports, typically within 12 hours. 

Step-by-step information on booking a sodium blood test online from Redcliffe Labs. 

1. Visit the official Redcliffe Labs website: https://redcliffelabs.com/.
2. Search for the specific test you need. 
3. Add the test to the cart. 
4. Complete the payment process online.
5. You will receive confirmation through SMS and WhatsApp.