VLDL Cholesterol Meaning: What You Need to Know About This "Bad" Cholesterol

High cholesterol is a growing health concern in India, affecting a substantial portion of the population. Approximately 31% of Indians have high cholesterol levels. However, in urban areas, the prevalence ranges from 25% to 30%, while in rural regions, it is between 15% and 20%.

In addition to this, people aged 35 to 54 years are affected, with 34.5% in this age group exhibiting high cholesterol levels.

High cholesterol affects men and women almost equally, with 31% of men and 30% of women affected.

But what is Cholesterol?

The word "cholesterol" is related to heart disease, clogged arteries, and the need for strict diets. In this article, let's explore VLDL cholesterol. What exactly is VLDL? Is it bad for you? How do you know your VLDL levels? And most importantly, how can you manage it? Whether you're here because your doctor mentioned it or you're simply interested in learning more about your heart health, you're in the right place!

What is VLDL Cholesterol?

VLDL stands for Very Low-Density Lipoprotein. It's one of the five main types of lipoproteins your body produces. But what exactly are lipoproteins? They're tiny particles made up of fat (lipid) and protein that transport cholesterol and triglycerides through your blood to different parts of your body.

VLDL carries triglycerides, which are a type of fat, from your liver to your tissues. Triglycerides are important because your body uses them as a primary source of energy. However, when there is too much VLDL in your blood, it can lead to fat buildup in your arteries.

Is VLDL Bad Cholesterol?

VLDL carries triglycerides, a type of fat, from your liver to tissues in the body. Some amount of triglycerides is necessary; excess VLDL can lead to the following:

• Plaque buildup in arteries (atherosclerosis)
• Narrowing of blood vessels
• Increased risk of heart disease and stroke

How is VLDL Cholesterol Diagnosed?

VLDL cholesterol isn't measured directly. It's estimated as part of a lipid panel blood test, a routine blood test used to check cholesterol levels.

Here's how it works:

Your doctor measures your total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides.

Why is this important? Knowing your VLDL helps your healthcare provider understand your risk of heart disease.

What is the VLDL Cholesterol Normal Range?

The normal range for VLDL (Very Low-Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol is 2 to 30 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter)

Here's what it means:

• Below 30 mg/dL – It is considered healthy and within the normal range.
• Above 30 mg/dL – It indicates an increased level of triglycerides in your blood, which can raise your risk of heart disease and other cardiovascular issues.

If your VLDL is within this range, it's considered healthy. However, when it exceeds 30 mg/dL, it indicates a higher level of triglycerides being carried in your blood, which can increase your cardiovascular risk.

Read more: How to Improve Your Cholesterol?

What Happens When the VLDL Cholesterol Is High?

High VLDL levels mean your blood has too many triglyceride-rich particles, which can have several consequences:

Plaque Buildup in Arteries

VLDL can contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, which are fatty deposits that narrow and harden the arteries. This reduces blood flow and can lead to chest pain (angina), heart attacks, or strokes.

Increased Risk of Heart Disease

Elevated VLDL is linked to higher risks of coronary artery disease. Studies show that high triglycerides and VLDL are independent risk factors for heart problems.

Pancreatitis

High triglyceride levels can cause inflammation of the pancreas, a serious and painful condition.

Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes

High VLDL often causes conditions like obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes, which further elevate heart risk.

If your VLDL levels are high, it's a signal from your body that you need to pay attention to your diet, exercise, and possibly consider medication.

Read more: What is High Cholesterol? Symptoms of High Cholesterol

How Can I Lower VLDL Cholesterol?

The good news is that VLDL cholesterol can be effectively managed and lowered through lifestyle changes. Here are some tips to lower cholesterol levels-

Eat a Heart-Healthy Diet

• Avoid sugary foods and refined carbohydrates, like white bread, pastries, and soda, which can increase triglyceride levels.
• Focus on healthy fats, like nuts, avocados, and olive oil.
• Increase your fiber intake and start by consuming fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Limit alcohol as it can increase triglyceride production.

Exercise Regularly

• Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate aerobic activity, like walking, cycling, or swimming.
• Exercise helps lower triglycerides and boosts HDL (good cholesterol).

Maintain a Healthy Weight

• Losing excess weight helps reduce triglyceride and VLDL levels.
• Even a few kg of weight loss can improve lipid profiles.

Avoid Tobacco Smoke

• Smoking reduces HDL cholesterol levels and has a detrimental effect on overall heart health.

Manage Health Issues

If you have diabetes, high blood pressure, or hypothyroidism, keeping these under control helps reduce VLDL.

Medications

In some cases, doctors may prescribe fibrates, niacin, omega-3 fatty acids, or statins to manage high triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL).

Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any medication or making a significant lifestyle change.

Also read: 10 High-Cholesterol Foods: What to Eat and What to Avoid.

Symptoms of High VLDL

High VLDL levels do not cause noticeable symptoms. This is why it's often referred to as a "silent" problem.

However, symptoms related to complications from high VLDL or triglycerides may include:

• Chest pain or discomfort
• Fatigue or shortness of breath during exertion
• Abdominal pain
• Get regular health checkups to catch high VLDL early.

Conclusion

VLDL cholesterol plays a critical role in transporting triglycerides through the blood. It is important for the proper functioning of the body; high levels of VLDL are linked to a high risk of heart disease, stroke, and other metabolic conditions.

VLDL does not cause any visible symptoms, which is why routine blood tests, such as a lipid profile test, are recommended to detect and monitor cholesterol levels. The good news is that VLDL levels can be effectively managed. A heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, weight management, and avoidance of tobacco can help lower VLDL and triglyceride levels. Take proactive measures and consult with your doctor to reduce your risk and lead a healthier and happier life.

FAQ

1. Can I measure VLDL cholesterol at home?

No, VLDL cholesterol is measured through a blood test called the Lipid profile test.

2. Is VLDL the same as LDL?

No, VLDL and LDL are different types of lipoproteins. VLDL mainly carries triglycerides, while LDL carries cholesterol.

3. Can high VLDL cause heart attacks?

High VLDL contributes to plaque buildup in arteries, which can increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

4. What foods increase VLDL?

Foods high in sugar, refined carbohydrates, and trans fats, as well as excessive alcohol consumption, can increase levels of VLDL and triglycerides.

5. Can exercise lower VLDL?

Regular exercise can lower VLDL and improve overall cholesterol levels.